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Fire alarms

  Electrical Fire Alarm Systems are generally divided into 3 basic types which are derived from the type of fire alarm control panel and fire detector used - conventional (non-addressable), addressable, and analogue.

  Fire detectors detect smoke or fumes, elevated temperature or rapid temperature change, flames in the infrared or ultraviolet part of the spectrum.

  Smoke detectors work on the optical principle (inner chamber with laser diode and optical sensor), ionization detectors are retreating (chamber with trace amount of subcritical fission material, typically Americium 241 - radioactivity about 1 microcuria as safe value in closed shielded package).

  Temperature detectors work on the principle of ambient temperature sensing by a semiconductor element, most often by a thermistor (PTC, NTC). Based on the evaluation of the sensor resistance change, the detector electronic circuit then closes the output relay (NC / NO). Temperature detectors exist in two versions - thermomaximal - they detect exceeding the upper limit of the temperature to which they are calibrated, and thermodifferential - these detect the rate of temperature increase over time in a given space.

  Fire detectors include detectors of leakage of flammable or explosive gases and also detectors of carbon monoxide.

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